Global Supply Chain Disruptions under Geoeconomic Fragmentation: A FIGARO-Based Macroeconomic Network Analysis
Keywords:
global supply chain disruptions, geoeconomic fragmentation, confrontational globalization, FIGARO, input–output analysis, network analysis, macroeconomic resilienceAbstract
This article examines the macroeconomic implications of global supply chain disruptions in the context of growing geoeconomic fragmentation and confrontational globalization. The study explores how geopolitical tensions, technological fragmentation, sanctions, energy shocks, and post-pandemic restructuring processes transform the architecture of global production networks and intensify systemic economic vulnerabilities. Particular attention is devoted to the application of the FIGARO (Full International and Global Accounts for Research in Input-Output Analysis) international input–output framework for identifying structural interdependencies, strategic vulnerabilities, and the transmission channels of global shocks across countries and sectors.
The research combines approaches from global value chain theory, network economics, and input–output analysis. Using FIGARO data for 49 countries and 21 economic sectors during the period 2010–2023, the paper applies eigenvector centrality analysis to determine the most systemically important suppliers within the global economy. The findings reveal the dominant role of China’s manufacturing sector and the increasing importance of U.S. financial, technological, and professional service sectors in global supply networks. The study also demonstrates how the COVID-19 pandemic, energy crises, and geopolitical conflicts accelerated the restructuring of global production systems and increased the significance of resilience-oriented economic policies.
The article argues that FIGARO-based network analysis provides an effective methodological framework for evaluating macroeconomic resilience, strategic dependencies, and the vulnerability of small open economies under conditions of global uncertainty. The results contribute to the understanding of structural transformations in the world economy and offer analytical tools for assessing supply chain resilience, reshoring processes, and geoeconomic risks.
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